ToolVaults

File Size Converter — Bytes ↔ KB ↔ MB ↔ GB ↔ TB

Convert between bits, bytes, KB, MB, GB, TB, and PB. Choose binary (1024) or decimal (1000) base — the difference that explains "why my 1 TB drive shows 931 GiB".

Runs 100% in your browser — nothing is uploaded.

Base
UnitValue
bits8,589,934,592
bytes1,073,741,824
KB / KiB1,048,576
MB / MiB1,024
GB / GiB1
TB / TiB9.7656e-4
PB / PiB9.5367e-7

Binary vs decimal: RAM and OS-reported sizes use base-2 (1 KiB = 1024 B). Disk manufacturers and network speeds use base-10 (1 KB = 1000 B). A "1 TB" drive shows as ~931 GiB in your file manager — that\'s the reason.

Frequently asked

Why does "binary" vs "decimal" matter?

They give different answers. 1 GB decimal is 1,000,000,000 bytes. 1 GiB binary is 1,073,741,824 bytes — about 7.4% larger. Hardware makers use decimal (bigger number, same product). Operating systems and RAM use binary. Both are correct within their conventions.

Which base should I pick?

Binary for RAM, virtual machine allocations, and file sizes reported by macOS/Linux. Decimal for disk marketing sizes, network transfer rates (Mbps = megabits/sec = decimal), and cloud storage billing.

What about bits vs bytes?

1 byte = 8 bits. Storage and file sizes use bytes (B, KB, MB…). Network speeds use bits (b, Kb, Mb…) — that's why "100 Mbps" internet downloads a 100 MB file in about 8 seconds, not 1.

Related tools